Immunoglobulin replacement therapy is indicated for patients with primary or secondary immunodeficiency who experience frequent, recurrent, severe, or unusual infections due to impaired antibody production.
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is administered through a peripheral vein, typically in a clinical setting. Subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) is delivered into the subcutaneous tissue, most commonly in the abdominal wall, and can often be self-administered at home.
Minimal preparation is required. Patients are encouraged to maintain adequate hydration prior to infusion. Pre-medication with acetaminophen and/or diphenhydramine may be recommended in select cases to reduce infusion-related symptoms.
Infusion duration typically ranges from approximately 1.5 to 2.5 hours, depending on the prescribed dose and infusion rate.
IVIG is generally well tolerated and has a well-established safety profile. Most adverse effects are mild and transient; serious complications are uncommon when administered under appropriate medical supervision.